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His Royal Majesty Akahi Nui & Her Royal Highness Akahi Wahine
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Sovereign Nation of Akua
Kingdom of Hawaii rule-Line

 

Ke Kumukänäwai o ka Makahiki 1852

E ho‘opuka hou ‘ia ana ma këia mähele o ka puke pai nä palapala aupuni e ho‘omaka ana me nä kumukänäwai o Hawai‘i.

Ua kau ‘ia ke Kumukänäwai o ka makahiki 1852, he mau känäwai ‘ano hou loa, i ka lä 14 o Iune ma hope o ka ho‘ololi nui ‘ia ‘ana ma waena o nä maka‘äinana, nä ali‘i, a me ka Mö‘ï. ‘O ia paha ka ikaika loa o nä kumukänäwai mana lehulehu o ia wä me nä pono pilikino o ke kanaka (Paukü 1-21) a me ka pono koho päloka no nä käne a pau (Paukü 78). Ho‘opuka ‘ia: He Kumukänäwai a me nä Känäwai o ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha III, Honolulu, 1852; a ma ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia: Constitution and Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha III, Honolulu, 1852. Forbes 1869 (III: 34-35), 1868 (III: 34).

The 1852 Constitution

This section of the journal reproduces government documents, starting with the constitutions of Hawai‘i.

In 1851-1852, an extensive amendment process involving the people, nobles, and monarch resulted in a new fundamental law of the Islands, the Constitution of 1852, enacted on June 14, 1852. Possibly the most democratic constitution of its time, it included a strong bill of rights (Articles 1-21) and universal male suffrage (Article 78). Published as He Kumukänäwai a me nä Känäwai o ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha III, Honolulu, 1852, and Constitution and Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha III, Honolulu, 1852. Forbes 1869 (III: 34-35), 1868 (III: 34).

Kingdom of Hawaii rule-Line

 

HE
KUMUKÄNÄWAI
A ME NÄ
KÄNÄWAI

O KA

MÖ‘Ï KAMEHAMEHA III,
KE ALI‘I O KO HAWAI‘I PAE ‘ÄINA,

I KAU ‘IA E NÄ

ALI‘I ‘AHA‘ÖLELO A ME KA
PO‘E I KOHO ‘IA

I LOKO O KA ‘AHA‘ÖLELO O KA

MAKAHIKI 1852

HONOLULU,
PA‘I ‘IA MA MULI O KE KAUOHA O KA PO‘E I
KOHO ‘IA
1852

CONSTITUTION
AND
LAWS


OF HIS MAJESTY

KAMEHAMEHA III,
KING OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS,

PASSED BY THE


NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES

AT THEIR SESSION,

1852

HONOLULU,
PRINTED BY ORDER OF THE
LEGISLATURE
18521


 

DECLARATION OF RIGHTS

Artical 1-5 6-10 11-14 15-21

FORM OF GOVERNMENT

Artical 22

OF POWERS

Artical 23

OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER
SECTION I
THE KING HIS PREROGATIVES

Artical 24-29 30-35 36-42

SECTION II
OF THE KUHINA NUI

Artical 43-48

SECTION III
OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL

Artical 49-50

SECTION IV
OF THE KING’S MINISTERS

Artical 51-55

SECTION V
OF THE GOVERNORS

Artical 56-59

OF THE LEGISLATIVE POWER

Artical 60-63 64-71

OF THE HOUSE OF NOBLES

Artical 72-74

OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Artical 75-77 78-80

OF THE JUDICIARY

Artical 81-85 86-91 92-93

OF OATHS

Artical 94-97

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Artical 98-105

MODE OF AMENDING THE CONSTITUTION

Artical 105

1856 Amendment

1-5 5-9 10-17

Hawaiian Constitution 1840

Hawaiian Declaration of Rights 1839

 

kolamu (column) 2
1. ‘O këia unuhi ‘ölelo Pelekänia, mai ka ho‘opuka kühelu mai nö ia na ke aupuni o Hawai‘i o ka makahiki 1852, a, ma kauwahi, ‘a‘ole he unuhi häiki.
This English translation is from the 1852 official publication of the government of Hawai‘i and, in parts, is not a literal translation.

 

KUMUKÄNÄWAI

I HÄ‘AWI ‘IA E KA MÖ‘Ï KAMEHAMEHA III, KE ALI‘I O KO HAWAI‘I PAE ‘ÄINA, ME KE KÜKÄ PÜ A ME KA ‘AE PÜ O NÄ ALI‘I A ME KA PO‘E I KOHO ‘IA E NÄ MAKA‘ÄINANA I ‘ÄKOAKOA I LOKO O KA ‘AHA‘ÖLELO KAU KÄNÄWAI, I KA LÄ 14 O IUNE, 1852


‘O KA ‘ÖLELO HO‘ÄKÄKA NO NÄ PONO E PILI ANA I NÄ KÄNAKA A PAU


Paukü 1. Ua hana mai ke Akua i nä känaka a pau e noho pa‘a ‘ole a e noho like ho‘i; a ua hä‘awi mai nö ho‘i ‘o ia i mau pono e pili pa‘a loa iä läkou; ‘o ia ho‘i, ‘o ke ola, ‘o ka noho ke‘ake‘a kumu ‘ole ‘ia mai, a me nä pono e loa‘a mai ai a e maluhia ‘i‘o ai ka waiwai.

Paukü 2. E ho‘omalu ‘ia nä känaka a pau i ko läkou ho‘omana ‘ana iä Iëhowa, e like me ko läkou mana‘o; ‘a‘ole na‘e e hana ‘ia ma lalo iho o këia ha‘awina maika‘i kekahi hana kolohe a me ke kü‘ë i ka maluhia a me ka pono o ke aupuni.

Paukü 3. E hiki nö i nä känaka a pau ke ‘ölelo, a ke palapala, a ke hö‘ike wale aku paha, i ko läkou mana‘o no nä mea a pau, a na ke känäwai wale nö läkou e ho‘oponopono. ‘A‘ole loa e kaulia kekahi känäwai e ho‘opilikia ana, a e ke‘ake‘a ana paha i ka ‘ölelo, a me ke pa‘i palapala.

Paukü 4. E hiki nö i nä känaka a pau ke ‘äkoakoa mälie, me ka ho‘olako ‘ole i nä mea kaua, e kükäkükä pü no ko läkou mau pono; e a‘o aku i kä läkou Po‘e i Koho ‘ia; a e nonoi aku i ke Ali‘i, a i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo o ke aupuni, e wehe i ko läkou mau pilikia.

Paukü 5. ‘O ka pono o ka palapala ku‘u kino, no nä känaka a pau ia; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e lawe ‘ia aku ua pono nei. Akä, i ka manawa kipi, a kaua paha, i ka Mö‘ï wale nö ka mana e wehe ‘ia ai.

CONSTITUTION,

GRANTED BY HIS MAJESTY KAMEHAMEHA III, KING OF THE HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, BY AND WITH THE ADVICE AND CONSENT OF THE NOBLES AND REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PEOPLE IN LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL ASSEMBLED, JUNE 14th, 1852

DECLARATION OF RIGHTS

Art. 1. God hath created all men2 free and equal, and endowed them with certain inalienable rights; among which are life and liberty, the right of acquiring, possessing and protecting property, and of pursuing and obtaining safety and happiness.

Art. 2. All men are free to worship God according to the dictates of their own consciences; but this sacred privilege hereby secured, shall not be so construed as to justify acts of licentiousness or practices inconsistent with the peace or safety of this kingdom.

Art. 3. All men may freely speak, write and publish their sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of that right; and no law shall be passed to restrain or abridge the liberty of speech, or of the press.

Art. 4. All men shall have the right, in an orderly and peaceable manner to assemble, without arms, to consult upon the common good; give instructions to their Representatives; and to petition the King or the Legislature for a redress of grievances.


Art. 5. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus belongs to all men, and shall not be suspended, unless by the King, when, in cases of rebellion or invasion, the public safety shall require its suspension.


Kamehameha III
King Kamehameha III
also known as Kauikeaouli
Reign: 1825 - Dec. 15, 1854



 

kolamu (column) 2
2. ‘Oiai he pili ka mana‘o o “känaka” i ke käne a me ka wahine, ua unuhi ‘ia ia ‘ölelo ‘o “men” ia ma ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia.
While “känaka” refers to people and is gender-neutral, the term is translated as “men” in the English version.

Paukü 6. E mau loa nö ka pono o ka ho‘okolokolo kiule ma nä mea a pau i like me nä mea i ho‘okolokolo ‘ia pëlä, ma këia aupuni, i ka wä i hala aku nei.

Paukü 7. ‘A‘ole nö e ho‘opa‘i ‘ia kekahi kanaka no ka hewa ‘openi, ke ho‘okolokolo ‘ole ‘ia ma mua i loko o ka ‘aha ho‘okolokolo küpono i këlä hewa, a ho‘oholo ‘ia ka ‘ölelo ho‘opa‘i no ka hewa, e like me ke känäwai.

Paukü 8. ‘A‘ole e ho‘okolokolo ‘ia kekahi kanaka no kekahi kalaima, a ‘openi paha ke ‘ole ka palapala ho‘opi‘i küpono, e ho‘omaopopo le‘a ana i kona kalaima, a i kona ‘openi paha, (koe na‘e ka ho‘opi‘i luna nui a me nä ‘openi küpono i ka ho‘okolokolo ‘ia i loko o nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ho‘omalu külanakauhale,1 a me nä ‘aha o nä luna känäwai ‘äpana, a me ka ho‘opa‘i koke no ka ho‘ohaunaele i nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo), a ma ka ho‘okolokolo ‘ana i kekahi kanaka no kona hewa e kü nö ia i mua o nä hö‘ike no kona hewa, he alo nö he alo; e hiki ho‘i iä ia ke ki‘i i nä hö‘ike kökua i kona ‘ao‘ao, a me nä mea e maopopo ai kona pono; a e hiki nö ho‘i iä ia, a i kona kökua paha, inä pëlä kona mana‘o, ke nïnau i nä hö‘ike äna i lawe mai ai, a e nïnau nö ho‘i i nä hö‘ike o këlä ‘ao‘ao, a me ka ha‘i aku i nä mea e maopopo ai ka pono o kona ‘ao‘ao.

Paukü 9. Inä ua ho‘okolokolo ‘ë ‘ia kekahi kanaka no kekahi ‘openi, a ua ho‘opa‘i ‘ia, a ho‘opuka ‘ia paha ma muli o ka palapala ho‘opi‘i küpono, a laila, ‘a‘ole e hiki ke ho‘okolokolo hou iä ia no ia hewa ho‘okahi.

Paukü 10. Ma ka ho‘okolokolo ‘ana no kekahi kalaima, ‘a‘ole e koi ‘ia kekahi kanaka e hö‘ike kü‘ë iä ia iho; ‘a‘ole ho‘i ia e ho‘onele ‘ia i ke ola, a i ka malu, a i ka waiwai paha, ke ‘ole i hana pono ‘ia ma muli o ke känäwai.


Art. 6. The right of trial by jury, in all cases in which it has been heretofore used in this kingdom, shall remain inviolate forever.


Art. 7. No person shall be subject to punishment for any offense, except on due and legal conviction thereof, in a court having jurisdiction of the case.


Art. 8. No person shall be held to answer for any crime or offense (except in cases of impeachment, or for offenses within the jurisdiction of a police or district justice, or in summary proceedings for contempt), unless upon indictment, fully and plainly describing such crime or offense; and in the trial of any person on the charge of any crime or offense, he shall have the right to meet the witnesses who are produced against him, face to face, to produce witnesses and proofs in his own favor; and by himself, or his counsel, at his election, to examine the witnesses produced by himself, and cross-examine those produced against him; and to be fully heard in his defense.

 

Art. 9. No person shall be required to answer again for an offense, for which he has been duly convicted, or of which he has been duly acquitted upon a good and sufficient indictment.

 

Art. 10. No person shall be compelled, in any criminal case to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.

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kolamu (column) 1
1. Ua ho‘okumu mua ‘ia nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ho‘omalu külanakauhale no nä kalaima ma ke kai, a ua mälama ‘ia ma nä kaona awa kü moku nui o Hawai‘i i ia manawa, ‘o ia ho‘i, ma Honolulu a me Lahaina ka mua, a ma kauwahi ma hope mai.
Police courts were initially established as maritime courts, and were held in the major port towns of Hawai‘i at the time – Honolulu and Lahaina first, and later others.

Paukü 11. ‘A‘ole nö e noho kekahi i luna känäwai, a i mea kiule paha, e ho‘okolokolo i kona hoahänau, inä ‘o ka mea ho‘opi‘i a ho‘opi‘i ‘ia paha; ‘a‘ole ho‘i i ka mea i pili iä ia, a i kona hoahänau paha ma ke ‘ano hui waiwai; a inä i ho‘ähewa ‘ia, a ho‘oku‘u ‘ia paha kekahi, me ke kü‘ë i këia ‘ölelo, a laila, pono nö ke ‘ae ‘ia e ho‘okolokolo hou iä ia.

Paukü 12. ‘A‘ole loa e noho kauä kuapa‘a kekahi kanaka ma lalo o kekahi ma ko Hawai‘i nei Pae ‘Äina; inä ho‘i e hiki mai kekahi kauä kuapa‘a i këia Pae ‘Äina, ‘o kona kuapa‘a ‘ole nö ia, a ‘o nä mea lawe mai i ke kauä kuapa‘a i loko o ke aupuni o ka Mö‘ï, e nele nö ia i nä pono a pau o këia aupuni; akä ho‘i, ‘a‘ole nö e hö‘ole ‘ia ka noho kuapa‘a ‘ana o kekahi, ke ho‘opa‘i ‘ia ‘o ia no ka hewa e like me ke känäwai.

Paukü 13. E kapu nö këlä kanaka këia kanaka ma kona kino, a me kona hale, a me käna mau palapala, a me kona waiwai; ‘a‘ole e hopu ‘ia, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e huli ‘ia, me ke kumu ‘ole; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e ho‘opuka ‘ia ka palapala kënä ke maopopo ‘ole ke kumu pono ma ka ho‘ohuoi, a ma ka ho‘ohiki paha, a ‘o ka mea näna i ho‘opi‘i; a e ho‘äkäka ‘ia, i loko o ua palapala nei, kahi e huli ‘ia a me nä känaka, a mea ‘ë a‘e paha e hopu ‘ia.

Paukü 14. Ke ho‘omalu nei ke Ali‘i i kona aupuni no ka pono o nä känaka a pau ma lalo ona; e ho‘omalu ‘ia ho‘i ke ola, a me ka waiwai, a me ka pömaika‘i o kona po‘e känaka a pau; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e ‘imi ‘ia ka pono, a me ka hanohano, a me ka waiwai o ka mea ho‘okahi a o ka ‘ohana ho‘okahi paha, a o ka po‘e ‘ano ho‘okahi paha o kona po‘e känaka; a no laila, i ke kau ‘ana i nä känäwai no këia lähui känaka, e mana‘o nui ‘ia ka maluhia a me ka pömaika‘i, a me ka pono o ka Mö‘ï, a me nä ali‘i, a me nä luna, a me nä maka‘äinana nö ho‘i.


Art. 11. No person shall sit as judge or juror, in any case in which his relative is interested, either as plaintiff, or defendant, or in the issue of which the said judge or juror may have, either directly or through a relative, any pecuniary interest.3

 

Art. 12. Slavery shall, under no circumstances whatever, be tolerated in the Hawaiian Islands: whenever a slave shall enter Hawaiian territory he shall be free; no person who imports a slave, or slaves, into the King’s dominions shall ever enjoy any civil or political rights in this realm; but involuntary servitude for the punishment of crime is allowable according to law.

Art. 13. Every person has the right to be secure from all unreasonable searches and seizures of his person, his houses, his papers, and effects; and no warrants shall issue, but on probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and describing the place to be searched, and the person or things to be seized.

Art. 14. The King conducts his government for the common good; for the protection, safety, prosperity and happiness of his people; and not for the profit, honor, or private interest of any one man, family or class of men4 among his subjects. Therefore in making laws for the nation, regard shall be had to the protection, interest and welfare not only of the King, the chiefs, and rulers, but of all the people5 alike.6

kolamu (column) 2
3. ‘A‘ole i unuhi ‘ia ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i ma hope o ka hapa kolona hope i ka Paukü 11.
The Hawaiian after the last semi-colon in Article 11 was not translated. It means: “and if either guilt or innocence was arrived at in violation of this clause, then approval for retrial must be given.”
4. ‘Oiai he pili ka mana‘o o “mea ho‘okahi” a me “po‘e ‘ano ho‘okahi” i ke käne a me ka wahine, ua unuhi ‘ia ia mau ‘ölelo ‘o “any one man” a me “family or class of men” mo ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia.
While “mea ho‘okahi” refers to any one person, and “po‘e ‘ano ho‘okahi” to a class of people, the terms are translated as “any one man” and “family or class of men,” respectively, in the English version.
5. Ua unuhi ‘ia ‘o “maka‘äinana,” ‘o ia ‘o “people” ma ‘ane‘i. ‘O kekahi mau mana‘o nö na‘e o ia hua‘ölelo, ‘o ia ‘o “commoner,” “Hawaiian commoner,” a “citizen” paha.
The term “maka‘äinana,” translated as “people” here, could mean “commoner,” “Hawaiian commoner,” or “citizen.”
6. Ua komo ka ‘ölelo “not only of the King” ma ka unuhina ‘ölelo Pelekänia me ka loa‘a ‘ole nö na‘e o ka mana‘o “not only of” ma ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i. Although the words “not only of the King” are found in the English translation, the Hawaiian does

Paukü 15. Pono nö ke ho‘omalu pono ‘ia këlä kanaka këia kanaka ma nä mea maika‘i o kona ola, a ‘o kona waiwai a ‘o kona ke‘ake‘a kumu ‘ole ‘ia2 paha, e like me nä känäwai pa‘a; a no ia mea, e pono nö iä ia ke kökua i ke kauwahi hapa küpono o kona waiwai, i mea e mau ai ua maluhia nei, a i ‘ole ia, ‘o käna hana pono‘ï, ke pono; akä ‘a‘ole loa e hiki ke lawe ‘ia ke kauwahi lihi iki o ka waiwai o kekahi kanaka, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e hä‘awi ‘ia i mea e pono ai ke aupuni me kona ‘ae ‘ole, a i ‘ole ia, me ka ‘ae ‘ole o ka Mö‘ï, a me nä Ali‘i, a me ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia e nä maka‘äinana; a inä e lawe ‘ia i kekahi manawa ka waiwai o kekahi kanaka no ka pilikia o ke aupuni, e loa‘a nö iä ia ka uku küpono no ua waiwai nei.

Paukü 16. ‘A‘ole loa e kaulia kekahi ‘auhau, a ‘o kekahi dute paha, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e unuhi iki ‘ia a‘e kekahi kälä no loko mai o ka waihona kälä aupuni, me ka ‘ae ‘ole o nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo o ke aupuni; akä ho‘i e ho‘omäkaukau ka ‘Aha‘ölelo ma ka pila kälaiwaiwai makahiki, i kälä e pono ai ke aupuni ke hiki i ka wä kaua huli moana, a kaua küloko paha, a na ke kuhina waiwai e hö‘ike nui i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, no nä kälä i lilo ma laila.

Paukü 17. ‘A‘ole nö e kaulia kekahi känäwai i mea e ho‘opili ai i kekahi hana i hala ma mua; ua hewa ia a he ho‘okaumaha wale.


Paukü 18. E noho nö nä mea ‘ano koa ma lalo iho o nä känäwai o ka ‘äina; ‘a‘ole loa e ho‘onoho ‘ia kekahi koa ma kekahi hale i ka wä malu me ko ka mea hale ‘ae ‘ole; ‘a‘ole ho‘i i ka wä kaua me ke kü‘ë i ke känäwai a ka ‘Aha‘ölelo e kau ai no ia mea.

Paukü 19. E koho nö nä känaka a pau ma nä mea a ke känäwai i hä‘awi ai, ma ka päloka.

Art. 15. Each member of society has a right to be protected by it in the enjoyment of his life, liberty and property, according to standing laws. He is obliged, consequently, to contribute his proportional share to the expense of this protection; to give his personal services, or an equivalent, when necessary; but no part of the property of any individual, can, with justice, be taken from him or applied to public uses without his own consent, or that of the King, the Nobles, and the Representatives of the people. And whenever the public exigencies require that the property of any individual should be appropriated to public uses, he shall receive a reasonable compensation therefore.7

Art. 16. No subsidy, impost, duties or tax of any description, shall be established or levied, nor any money drawn from the public treasury under any pretext whatsoever, without the consent of both branches of the Legislature; provided that the Legislature shall make provision, in the annual bills of appropriation, for the emergency of war, invasion, or rebellion; and the minister of finance shall render a detailed account to the Legislature of any expenditure made under that provision.

Art. 17. All retrospective laws are unjust; therefore, no such laws shall ever be passed.


Art. 18. The military shall always be subject to the laws of the land; and no soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house, without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by the Legislature.


Art. 19. All elections by the people shall be by ballot.8


kolamu (column) 1
2. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “ia’i” ‘o ia ‘o “‘ia.” “Ia’i” was changed to “‘ia.”
kolamu (column) 2
7. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “therefor” ‘o ia ‘o “therefore.” “Therefor” was changed to “therefore.”
8. Ua ‘oi aku ka laulä o ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia ma ‘ane‘i i komo ‘ole ai ka mana‘o no “nä mea a ke känäwai i hä‘awi ai.” Ua ‘ane‘ane e piha 100 päkëneka o nä känaka i koho päloka a i kaupalena ‘ia na nä mäkua käne wale nö ma lalo o këia kumukänäwai.
The English translation here is less specific than the Hawaiian, which says, “The people shall vote by ballot on all matters set out by law.” Voter turnout was close to 100 percent for the elections (limited to adult males) held under this constitution.

Paukü 20. ‘A‘ole nö e hopu ‘ia kekahi mea koho ma nä lä koho ‘oiai kona noho ‘ana ma ia hana koho; a pëlä ho‘i i kona hele ‘ana mai, a i kona ho‘i ‘ana aku mai kahi o ke koho ‘ana, ‘a‘ole ia e hopu ‘ia, koe na‘e ke kipi, ka feloni, a me ka ho‘ohaunaele.

Paukü 21. ‘A‘ole e koi ‘ia kekahi mea koho e noho ana ma ka hana koa i ka lä koho a hiki ‘ole iä ia ke koho, ke ‘ole ia he wä kaua, a he wä pilikia paha o ke aupuni.

‘O KE ‘ANO O KE AUPUNI

Paukü 22. ‘O ke ‘ano o ke aupuni, he aupuni ali‘i ma muli o ke kumukänäwai; ma lalo ho‘i o Kamehameha III, a me kona mau ho‘oilina a me kona mau hope.

NO NÄ MANA

Paukü 23. E mähele ‘ia ka mana o ke aupuni i ‘ekolu ‘äpana ‘oko‘a, ‘o ia ho‘i ka mana ho‘okö, ka mana kau känäwai a me ka mana ho‘okolokolo; e kü ka‘awale ia mau mana ‘ekolu; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e hui ‘ia nä mana hope ‘elua i loko o ke kanaka ho‘okahi, a i loko o ka ‘aha ho‘okahi paha.

‘O KA MANA HO‘OKÖ
PALENA I3
‘O KE ALI‘I NUI KONA MAU PONO PONO‘Ï

Paukü 24. ‘O ke Ali‘i Nui ka luna ki‘eki‘e ho‘okö o këia aupuni, a e kapa ‘ia ‘o ia ‘o ka Mö‘ï.

Paukü 25. E ho‘omau loa ‘ia ka noho ali‘i i ka Mö‘ï iä Kamehameha III, ‘oiai kona ola a me kona po‘e ho‘oilina aku. Eia ka ho‘oilina; ‘o ka mea i koho ‘ia a i ho‘okaulana ‘ia ho‘i pëlä e ka Mö‘ï a me ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, ‘oiai e ola ana ka Mö‘ï, ‘o ia ka ho‘oilina Ali‘i; akä, i ‘ole i hana ‘ia pëlä, a laila na nä Ali‘i a me ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo e koho i ka ho‘oilina Ali‘i me ka päloka hui.

Art. 20. Every elector shall be privileged from arrest on election days, during his attendance at election, and in going to and returning therefrom, except in cases of treason, felony, or breach of the peace.

Art. 21. No elector shall be so obliged to perform military duty, on the day of election, as to prevent his voting, except in time of war or public danger.

 

FORM OF GOVERNMENT

Art. 22. The government of the kingdom is that of a constitutional monarchy, under His Majesty Kamehameha III, his heirs, and successors.


OF POWERS

Art. 23. The supreme power of the kingdom, in its exercise, is divided into the executive, legislative and judicial; these are to be preserved distinct; the two last powers cannot be united in any one individual or body.


OF THE EXECUTIVE POWER
SECTION I
THE KING HIS PREROGATIVES

Art. 24. The King shall continue to be the supreme executive magistrate of this kingdom under the title of His Majesty.

Art. 25. The crown is hereby permanently confirmed to His Majesty Kamehameha The successor shall be the person whom the King and the House of Nobles shall appoint and publicly proclaim as such, during the King’s life; but should there be no such appointment and proclamation, then the successor shall be chosen by the House of Nobles and the House of Representatives in joint ballot.

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3. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “PALENA II” ‘o ia ‘o “PALENA I.” “PALENA II” was changed to “PALENA I.” kolamu (column) 2
9. Aia këia mau paukü ‘elua ma ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia i loko o ka paukü 25 ma ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i. These two paragraphs in English are included within the single paragraph 25 in the Hawaiian.

Paukü 26. ‘A‘ole loa e noho ma ka noho Ali‘i kekahi mea i ho‘ähewa ‘ia ma mua no kekahi hewa ‘ino nui, ‘a‘ole ho‘i kekahi pupule a hüpö paha; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e lilo kekahi i ho‘oilina o ka Mö‘ï ke ‘ole ‘o ia no ka hanauna ali‘i maoli o Hawai‘i nei.

Paukü 27. ‘O ke Ali‘i ka ‘alihikaua ma luna o nä koa a me nä manuä a me nä mea kaua ‘ë a‘e ma ka moana a ma ka ‘äina; a nona ka mana ma ona iho, a ma o kekahi luna koa, a mau luna paha äna e koho ai, e a‘o a e ho‘oponopono i ua mau mea kaua nei, ma muli o kona mana‘o e pono a e malu ai ke aupuni. Akä, ‘a‘ole e pono iä ia ka häpai i ke kaua me ka ‘ae ‘ole o kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü.

Paukü 28. Na ka Mö‘ï, e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, e ho‘opane‘e i ka ho‘opa‘i, a e kala aku i ka hala, ma hope o ka ho‘ähewa ‘ia ‘ana, no nä hewa a pau, koe na‘e ka ho‘opi‘i i nä luna nui ke ho‘ähewa ‘ia.

Paukü 29. Na ke Ali‘i e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e ho‘äkoakoa i nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo ma kahi e noho ai nä Ali‘i a ma kahi ‘ë paha, ke pilikia ia wahi no kekahi ‘enemi, a no kekahi ma‘i ‘ino paha; a inä i kü‘ë nä Hale ‘elua kekahi i kekahi, a i ke Ali‘i paha, näna nö e ho‘opane‘e, a ho‘opau, a ho‘oku‘u aku paha i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, ‘a‘ole na‘e ma waho o ka häläwai o këlä makahiki a‘e. Inä ho‘i he pilikia, e hiki nö iä ia ke ho‘äkoakoa i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo a i kekahi o nä Hale ‘elua paha, no ia wä pilikia.


Art. 26. No person shall ever sit upon the throne who has been convicted of any infamous10 crime, or who is insane or an idiot. No person shall ever succeed to the crown, unless he be a descendant of the aboriginal stock of ali‘is.

Art. 27. The King is commander in chief of the army and navy, and of all other military forces of the kingdom by sea and land; and has full power by himself, or by any officer or officers, he may appoint, to train and govern such forces, as he may judge best for the defense and safety of the kingdom. But he shall never proclaim war without the consent of his Privy Council.

Art. 28. The King, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, has the power to grant reprieves and pardons, after conviction, for all offenses, except in cases of impeachment.

Art. 29. The King, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, convenes both Houses of the Legislature at the seat of government, or at a different place, if that should become dangerous, from an enemy, or any dangerous disorder; and in case of disagreement between the two Houses, or between His Majesty and them, he adjourns, prorogues, or dissolves them, but not beyond the session of the next year; under any great emergency, he may convene both, or either of them to extraordinary sessions.

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10. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “infamons” ‘o ia ‘o “infamous.”
“Infamons” was changed to “infamous.”

Paukü 30. Na ke Ali‘i nö, e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, e hana i nä ku‘ikahi, a e koho i nä luna ali‘i, i nä kauä aupuni ‘ë a‘e, a me nä kanikele, e ho‘ouna ‘ia aku, a e hä‘awi ‘ia kä läkou palapala ho‘okohu a me nä kauoha e like me ke känäwai o nä aupuni.

Paukü 31. Näna nö e ‘ae, a e hö‘oia i nä luna nui a me nä kuhina i ho‘ouna ‘ia mai; näna nö ho‘i e ha‘i aku i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo i ke ‘ano o ka noho ‘ana o ke aupuni i këlä manawa, i këia manawa ma käna ‘ölelo ali‘i, a e ha‘i aku ho‘i iä läkou i nä mea äna e mana‘o ai he pono na läkou e ‘imi.

Paukü 32. Näna nö e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kuhina a me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, e koho i kekahi o nä po‘o a i kekahi mau po‘o paha o nä ‘oihana ho‘okö, a e ho‘opau aku iä läkou e like me kona mana‘o; pono nö ho‘i iä ia ke kauoha aku i nä luna a pau ma nä ‘oihana ho‘okö, e hö‘ike i mua ona ma ka palapala, i nä mea i pili i kä läkou ‘oihana.

Paukü 33. Näna nö e nänä i ka mälama pono ‘ia a i ka ho‘okö ‘ia o nä ku‘ikahi a me nä känäwai o ka ‘äina.

Paukü 34. Na ka Mö‘ï e ho‘äkoakoa, i këlä manawa i këia manawa, i kona ‘Aha Kuhina a ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü paha, e kükäkükä pü me ia, e like me ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai o ka ‘äina.

Paukü 35. He kapu loa ke kino o ke Ali‘i Nui a me ka maluhia; ma luna o nä kuhina ka hihia o nä ‘oihana. Na ka Mö‘ï ka mana ho‘okö; e käkau ‘ia ka inoa o ka Mö‘ï ma nä känäwai a pau i ho‘oholo ‘ia e nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a e käkau pü ‘ia ka inoa o ke Kuhina Nui, a ‘o käna mau hana ‘ë a‘e a pau ma ka ‘oihana e ‘ae ‘ia e ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, e käkau pü ‘ia ka inoa o ke Kuhina Nui, a me ka inoa pü ho‘i o ke kuhina näna ia hana.


Art. 30. The King has the power, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, to make treaties, and appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls who shall be commissioned, accredited and instructed agreeably to the usage and laws of nations.

Art. 31. It is his prerogative to receive and acknowledge ambassadors and other public ministers; to inform the Legislature by royal message, from time to time, of the state of the kingdom, and to recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient.

Art. 32. He has the power, by and with the advice of his Cabinet, and the approval of his Privy Council, to appoint and remove at his pleasure any of the several heads of the executive departments, and he may require information in writing from any of the officers in the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices.

Art. 33. It is his duty to see that the treaties and laws of the land are faithfully observed and executed.

Art. 34. The King has the power from time to time, to assemble his Cabinet or Privy Councillors to advise with him agreeably with the Constitution and laws of the land.

Art. 35. The person of the King is inviolable and sacred; his ministers are responsible; to the King belongs the executive power; all laws that have passed both Houses of the Legislature, for their validity, shall be signed by His Majesty and the Kuhina Nui; all his other official acts shall be approved by the Privy Council, countersigned by the Kuhina Nui, and by the minister to whose department such act may belong.

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Paukü 36. ‘O ka Mö‘ï, ‘o ia ke Ali‘i Nui ma luna o nä ali‘i a me nä känaka a pau. Nona nö ke aupuni.

Paukü 37. ‘O nä inoa hanohano a pau a me ka nani, a me ka ho‘oali‘i ‘ana, mai ka Mö‘ï mai nö läkou.

Paukü 38. Na ka Mö‘ï nö e hana i ke kälä, a e ho‘oponopono i ke kälä ma ke känäwai.

Paukü 39. E hiki nö i ka Mö‘ï me ka ‘ae pü o kona ‘Aha Kuhina a me ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü i ka wä i kau ‘ia mai, a haunaele paha no ke kipi, ke ho‘olilo i kona aupuni a pau, a i kekahi hapa paha, ma lalo o ke känäwai koa; a e hiki nö ho‘i iä ia ke hä‘awi loa aku i kona aupuni, ke maopopo, ‘o ia ka mea e pau ai ka hö‘ino ‘ia mai a me ka ho‘okaumaha ‘ia mai e kekahi aupuni ‘ë a‘e.

Paukü 40. Ua ho‘omau ‘ia ka hae o ka Mö‘ï, a me ka hae o ke aupuni, e like me këia wä e noho nei.

Paukü 41. Ua kapu loa ko ka Mö‘ï mau ‘äina pono‘ï a me kona waiwai ‘ë a‘e.

Paukü 42. ‘A‘ole nö e hiki ke ho‘opi‘i ‘ia a ho‘okolokolo ‘ia ka Mö‘ï i loko o kekahi ‘aha ho‘okolokolo o ke aupuni.

PALENA II
NO KE KUHINA NUI

Paukü 43. Na ka Mö‘ï nö e koho i kekahi ali‘i hanohano a me ka mäkaukau, e noho i Kuhina Nui, a e kapa ‘ia ‘o ia “‘o ke Kuhina Nui o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina;” a ‘o kona inoa ‘oihana ‘o ka Mea Ki‘eki‘e.


Art. 36. The King is sovereign of all the chiefs and of all of the people; the kingdom is his.


Art. 37. All titles of honor, orders, and other distinctions emanate from the King.


Art. 38. The King coins money and regulates the currency by law.


Art. 39. The King, by and with the approval of his Cabinet and Privy Council, in case of invasion or rebellion, can place the whole kingdom, or any part of it under martial law; and he can even alienate it, if indispensable to free it from the insult and oppression of any foreign power.

Art. 40. The King’s standard and the national ensign are maintained as now established.

Art. 41. The King’s private lands and other property are inviolable.

Art. 42. The King cannot be sued or held to account in any court or tribunal of the realm.

SECTION II
OF THE KUHINA NUI

Art. 43. The King appoints some chief of rank and ability to be his Kuhina Nui, who shall be styled the Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands, and whose title shall be Highness.

Paukü 44. ‘O ke Kuhina Nui ka hoa kükä pü o ka Mö‘ï ma nä mea nui o ke aupuni. ‘O nä mea a pau e pili ana i ke aupuni, a ka Mö‘ï e mana‘o ai e hana, na ke Kuhina Nui nö e hana ma ka inoa o ka Mö‘ï. ‘O nä pila, palapala kila nui, palapala ho‘okohu, a me nä palapala aupuni ‘ë a‘e i hana pono ‘ia e ke Kuhina Nui, ma ka inoa a me ka ‘ae o ka Mö‘ï e like me ka ‘ölelo o ka Paukü 35, ua like nö ia mau mea me nä mea a ka Mö‘ï i hana ai, koe na‘e nä mea i ho‘äkäka ‘ia ma ke känäwai.

Paukü 45. E hiki nö i ka Mö‘ï wale nö ke hana i nä hana nui a pau o ke aupuni, ke makemake ‘o ia pëlä, me ka ‘ae pü nö na‘e o ke Kuhina Nui. E hiki nö iä läua ‘elua ke hö‘ole kekahi i kekahi ma nä hana a ke aupuni.

Paukü 46. Na ke Kuhina Nui, e mälama i ke kila nui o ke aupuni, i ka hae o ka Mö‘ï a me ko ke aupuni; a näna nö ho‘i e noho pelekikena o ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, ke ‘ole ka Mö‘ï.

Paukü 47. A i ka‘awale ka noho ali‘i no ka make ‘ana o ka Mö‘ï, a no kekahi mea ‘ë a‘e paha, a ‘oiai e noho keiki ana kekahi ho‘oilina o ka noho ali‘i, na ke Kuhina Nui no ia manawa ka‘awale, a no ia noho keiki ‘ana paha, e hana i nä hana a pau e pili ana i ka Mö‘ï, a iä ia nö ho‘i nä mana a pau i hä‘awi ‘ia e këia Kumukänäwai i ka Mö‘ï.

Paukü 48. Inä e ka‘awale ka ‘oihana Kuhina Nui i ka make, i ka ha‘alele maoli, a i kekahi mea ‘ë aku paha, ‘oiai e waiho ka‘awale ana ka noho ali‘i, a noho keiki ‘ana paha kekahi ho‘oilina o ka noho ali‘i; a laila na ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, a ‘o ka hapa nui paha o läkou, ‘oiai e ka‘awale ana, e hana i nä hana a me nä mea a pau i küpono i ka Mö‘ï a i ke Kuhina Nui e hana, ma muli o këia Kumukänäwai. A hiki mai ua wä ka‘awale nei, na ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e ho‘äkoakoa koke i nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a na läkou, me ka päloka hui, e koho i panihakahaka no ka ‘oihana Kuhina Nui.

Art. 44. The Kuhina Nui shall be the King’s special counsellor in the great affairs of the kingdom. All business connected with the special interests of the kingdom, which the King wishes to transact, shall be done by the Kuhina Nui under the authority of the King. All acts, royal patents, commissions, and other official documents, duly executed by the Kuhina Nui in the name and by the consent of the King, agreeably with Article 35, unless specially excepted by law, shall be equally binding as if executed by the King himself.

Art. 45. All important business of the kingdom which the King chooses to transact in person, he may do, but not without the approbation of the Kuhina Nui. The King and Kuhina Nui shall have a negative on each other’s public acts.11

Art. 46. The Kuhina Nui shall have charge of the great seal of the kingdom, of the royal standard, and of the national flag; and in the absence of the King, he shall preside over the deliberations of the Privy Council.

Art. 47. Whenever the throne shall become vacant by reason of the King’s death, or otherwise, and during the minority of any heir to the throne, the Kuhina Nui, for the time being, shall, during such vacancy or minority, perform all the duties incumbent on the King, and shall have and exercise all the powers, which by this Constitution are vested in the King.

Art. 48. Whenever during the vacancy of the throne, or the minority of any heir to it, the office of Kuhina Nui shall become vacant by death, resignation, or otherwise, then the Privy Council, or the major part of them, shall, during such vacancy, have full power and authority to do, and execute all and every such acts, matters, and things, as the King or Kuhina Nui might or could, by virtue of this Constitution, do or execute. And in such case, the Privy Council, immediately after the occurring12 of such vacancy, shall cause a meeting of both Houses of the Legislature, who shall elect by joint ballot a person to fill the office of Kuhina Nui.

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11. He ‘ano like nö a like ke külana o ke Kuhina Nui me ko ka Mö‘ï. He külana i ‘ike ‘ole ‘ia ma nä kumukänäwai ‘ë a‘e o ka honua.
The office of Kuhina Nui was essentially equal to the monarch and unique among the constitutions of the world.

PALENA III
NO KA ‘AHA KÜKÄKÜKÄ MALÜ

Paukü 49. E mau nö ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü o ke aupuni, e ‘imi pü me ke Ali‘i Nui ma nä ‘oihana ho‘okö o ke aupuni, a ma ka ho‘oponopono ‘ana i ko ke aupuni, e like me ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai o ka ‘äina, a e kapa ‘ia ‘o ia, ‘o ko ka Mö‘ï ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü o ke Aupuni.

Paukü 50. Na ka Mö‘ï e koho i nä mea komo i loko o ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, a e noho läkou ‘oiai ua küpono i kona mana‘o. Ma kä läkou ‘oihana ke komo ‘ana o nä kuhina, a me nä kia‘äina i loko o ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü. Na ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e kau i nä känäwai no kä läkou hana ‘ana, me ka ‘ae o ka Mö‘ï.

PALENA IV
‘O KA MANA KAU KÄNÄWAI

Paukü 51. Na ke Ali‘i nö e koho a e ho‘okohu i kona mau kuhina, a e noho läkou ma kä läkou ‘oihana, ‘oiai ka mana‘o o ka Mö‘ï pëlä; e hiki na‘e ke ho‘opi‘i luna nui ‘ia.

Paukü 52. ‘O nä kuhina o ke Ali‘i he ‘Aha Kuhina ko läkou, a ma ia ‘ano he po‘e hoa kükä pü pono‘ï läkou no ka Mö‘ï, ma nä hana ho‘okö o ke aupuni.

Paukü 53. E noho läkou a pau ma kahi e noho ai ke aupuni; a e mälama päkahi läkou i ka hana a kona mau lalo a me nä käkau ‘ölelo; a inä i küpono i ka hanohano o ka Mö‘ï a me ka hana a ke aupuni, e hä‘awi i kekahi o nä Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo, i nä ‘ölelo ho‘äkäka no kä läkou ‘oihana, a e hele nö ‘o ia, a ‘o kona lalo paha, i mua o läkou, e like me ko läkou mana‘o päkahi.

SECTION III
OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL

Art. 49. There shall continue to be a council of state for advising the King in the executive part of the government, and in directing the affairs of the kingdom, according to the Constitution and laws of the land, to be called the King’s Privy Council of State.

Art. 50. The members of the Privy Council are appointed by the King, and hold their offices during His Majesty’s pleasure. The King’s ministers and the governors of the Islands are, ex-officio, members of his Privy Council. The Privy Council regulates its own proceedings by bylaws13 enacted by themselves and approved by the King.

SECTION IV
OF THE KING’S MINISTERS

Art. 51. The ministers of the King are appointed and commissioned by him, and hold their offices during His Majesty’s pleasure, subject to impeachment.

Art. 52. The King’s ministers constitute his Cabinet Council, and, as such, are his special advisers in the executive affairs of the kingdom.

Art. 53. Each of them shall keep an office at the seat of government, be accountable for the conduct of his deputies and clerks; and grant information, so far as may consist with the King’s honor and the good of the public service, to either House of the Legislature, or attend upon either in person, or by deputy, as such House shall determine.

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12. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “occuring” ‘o ia ‘o “occurring.” “Occuring” was changed to “occurring.”
13. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “bye-laws” ‘o ia ‘o “bylaws.” “Bye-laws” was changed to “bylaws.”

Paukü 54. E hö‘ike këlä mea këia mea o läkou, i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, i këlä makahiki këia makahiki, a hiki i ka lä mua o Ianuali ma mua iho, i ka hana a käna ‘oihana i loko o ka makahiki i hala aku, i loko o ka hepekoma ho‘okahi ma hope iho o ka ‘äkoakoa ‘ana o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo.

Paukü 55. E noho nä kuhina o ke Ali‘i ma ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, a e hiki nö ho‘i iä läkou ke ‘ölelo i loko o ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia e ho‘äkäka i kä läkou hana ‘ana, ke ho‘ohihia ‘ia läkou ma ka ‘oihana.

PALENA V
NO NÄ KIA‘ÄINA

Paukü 56. Na ke Ali‘i me ka ‘ae pü o ka ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e koho a e ho‘okohu i nä kia‘äina, no kona mau mokupuni; a e noho läkou ma ia ‘oihana i ‘ehä makahiki, e hiki nö na‘e ke ho‘opi‘i luna nui ‘ia.

Paukü 57. E hiki nö i ke Ali‘i, me ka ‘ae o ke kia‘äina, ke koho ma kekahi mokupuni, a mau mokupuni paha, i kökua kia‘äina, ‘oiai ua küpono i ko ka Mö‘ï makemake, e hana pü me ke kia‘äina, ma lalo iho na‘e ona.

Paukü 58. Inä he ma‘i, a he pono ‘ole ke noho, e hiki i ke kia‘äina ke koho i hope nona, ke ‘ole ke kökua kia‘äina, a ma luna o ke kia‘äina ka hihia o kä ka hope hana ‘ana i ka ‘oihana.

Paukü 59. Na nä kia‘äina, ma lalo iho o ka Mö‘ï, e ho‘oponopono i ka ‘oihana ho‘okö, ma ko läkou mau mokupuni iho, ma muli o ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai o ka ‘äina; a e noho nö läkou ma luna o nä mea kaua ma ko läkou mau mokupuni, a e hö‘ike läkou i këlä makahiki i këia makahiki i kä läkou hana ‘ana ma ko läkou mau mokupuni i ke kuhina kälai‘äina.

Art. 54. Each of them shall make an annual report to the Legislature, made up to the first of January next preceding, of the transactions and business of his department, within one week after the opening of the Legislature

.

Art. 55. The King’s ministers hold seats in the House of Nobles; and they have the right to be heard in the House of Representatives, when accused of maladministration14 in office.

SECTION V
OF THE GOVERNORS

Art. 56. The King, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, appoints and commissions the governors of his several islands; the governors hold office for the term of four years, subject to impeachment.

Art. 57. The King with the consent of the governor, may appoint in one or more islands, a lieutenant governor, during his pleasure, to assist the governor but always subordinate to him in authority.

Art. 58. The governors, in case of sickness, or unavoidable absence, in all cases where no lieutenant governor has been appointed, have power to appoint substitutes, for all whose official acts they are responsible.

Art. 59. The governors, subject to the King, shall have the executive control of their respective islands, agreeably with the Constitution and laws of the land; and they shall have the command of the military forces of their respective islands, and shall make an annual report of the administration of their respective islands to the minister of the interior.

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14. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “mal-administration” ‘o ia ‘o “maladministration.” “Mal-administration” was changed to “maladministration.”

‘O KA MANA KAU KÄNÄWAI

Paukü 60. ‘O ka mana kau känäwai o këia aupuni, aia nö i ka Mö‘ï, me ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, me ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia o nä Maka‘äinana, a e hiki nö iä läkou ke hö‘ole kekahi i kekahi.

Paukü 61. E ‘äkoakoa ka ‘Aha‘ölelo i këlä makahiki, i këia makahiki, e kükäkükä no nä mea e pono ai ke aupuni, i ka hepekoma mua o ‘Apelila, a i ka manawa ‘ë a‘e, a ma kahi ho‘i a ka Mö‘ï i mana‘o ai he pono. E kapa ‘ia këia po‘e, ‘o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina.

PAUKÜ 62. Ua hä‘awi nui ‘ia, ma këia Kumukänäwai, i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo e kau, i këlä manawa i këia manawa, i nä känäwai küpono a pau, me ka uku ho‘opa‘i, a me ka uku ho‘opa‘i ‘ole paha, e like me ko läkou mana‘o he mea e pono ai këia lähui känaka,4 a e pa‘a ai, a e maluhia ai ke aupuni; ‘a‘ole na‘e e kü‘ë i këia Kumukänäwai.

Paukü 63. ‘A‘ole nö e lilo kekahi pila, a kekahi ‘ölelo paha i ho‘oholo ‘ia e ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a e nä Hale ‘elua paha, i känäwai, ‘a‘ole ho‘i he mana o ia mea, ke ‘ole ia e hä‘awi ‘ë ‘ia i ka Mö‘ï, ma o ke Kuhina Nui lä, i ‘ike ‘ia e ia; a inä e ‘olu‘olu kona mana‘o i ua pila lä, e käkau ‘o ia i kona inoa i mea e maopopo ai kona ‘ae. Akä inä ua pono ‘ole ua pila nei i kona mana‘o, a laila e ho‘iho‘i aku nö ‘o ia i ua pila lä i ka Hale näna i hana mua, me ka palapala ho‘äkäka i ke kumu o kona hö‘ole ‘ana, a e käkau nui ‘ia ia mau mea i ho‘ohalahala ‘ia e ka Mö‘ï, i loko o ka puke mo‘olelo o ua Hale nei; a laila ‘a‘ole e hana hou ‘ia ua pila lä ma ia ‘äkoakoa ‘ana.

OF THE LEGISLATIVE POWER

Art. 60. The legislative power of this kingdom is vested in the King, the House of Nobles, and the House of Representatives; each of whom has a negative on the other.

Art. 61. The legislative body shall assemble annually, for the purpose of seeking the welfare of the nation, in the first week in April, and at such other time, and in the place that the King may judge necessary. This body shall be styled the Legislature of the Hawaiian Islands.

Art. 62. Full power and authority are hereby given to said Legislature, from time to time, to make all manner of wholesome laws, either with penalties or without, as they shall judge to be for the welfare of the nation, and for the necessary support and defense of good government; provided the same be not repugnant or contrary to this Constitution.

Art. 63. No bill or resolution, although it may have passed the Legislature, shall become a law, or have force as such, until it shall have been presented to the King, through the Kuhina Nui, for his revisal, and if he approve thereof, he shall signify his approbation by signing the same. Butif he has15 any objection to the passing of such bill or resolve, he shall return it with his objections in writing to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and no such bill shall be brought forward thereafter during the same session.

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4. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “lakuikanaka” ‘o ia ‘o “lähui kanaka.”
“Lakuikanaka” was changed to “lähui kanaka.” kolamu (column) 2
15. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “have” ‘o ia ‘o “has.” “Have” was changed to “has.”

Paukü 64. Na këlä Hale, këia Hale, e ho‘oponopono i ka noho ‘ana o kona po‘e pono‘ï; a na ka hapa nui e ho‘oholo i nä hana a pau; akä, e hiki nö i ka hapa ‘u‘uku ke ho‘opane‘e i ka häläwai i këlä lä i këia lä, a e koi aku nö ho‘i i nä mea i hiki ‘ole mai e ‘äkoakoa pü me läkou, ma muli o ka hana, a me ka ho‘opa‘i, i ho‘oholo ‘ia e ua Hale lä.

Paukü 65. Na këlä Hale, këia Hale, e koho i kona mau luna, a e kau i nä känäwai e holo ai kä läkou mau hana.

Paukü 66. Na këlä Hale, këia Hale, e ho‘opa‘i, ma ka hale pa‘ahao, no nä lä ‘a‘ole e ‘oi aku ma mua o ke kanakolu, i këlä kanaka, këia kanaka, ‘a‘ole ‘o ia no läkou, ke ho‘omä‘ewa‘ewa ‘o ia i ua Hale nei ma ka hana ho‘ohaunaele, a ho‘owahäwahä paha, i loko ona; a ke ho‘oweliweli5 paha ‘o ia i kekahi o ua Hale nei, ma ka hana ‘ino i kona kino, a i käna waiwai paha, ‘oiai e noho ‘äkoakoa ana ko ia Hale, no kekahi mea äna i hana ai, a ‘ölelo ai paha, i loko o ua Hale nei; a ke lele ‘ino paha ‘o ia i kekahi o ua po‘e lä no ua mau mea nei; a ke lele ‘ino, a hopu paha ‘o ia i kekahi hö‘ike, a i kekahi kanaka ‘ë a‘e paha, i kauoha ‘ia e ka Hale, i kona hele ‘ana i laila, a ho‘i ‘ana paha; a ke ho‘opakele paha ‘o ia i kekahi kanaka i hopu ‘ia ma muli o ke kauoha a ua Hale lä.

Paukü 67. Na këlä Hale, këia Hale e ho‘opa‘i i kona po‘e pono‘ï no nä hana ho‘ohaunaele.

Paukü 68. E mälama këlä Hale këia Hale i puke mo‘olelo no kä läkou mau hana, a inä e makemake ka hapa lima ho‘okahi o ka po‘e e noho ana i kekahi Hale, a laila e käkau ‘ia, i loko o ua puke nei, nä inoa o ka po‘e ‘ae a me ka po‘e6 hö‘ole o ka Hale i këlä hana i këia hana.

Art. 64. Each House shall be the judge of the qualifications of its own members, and a majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each House may provide.

Art. 65. Each House shall choose its own officers, and determine the rules of its own proceedings.

Art. 66. Each House shall have authority to punish by imprisonment, not exceeding thirty days, every person, not a member, who shall be guilty of disrespect to the House, by any disorderly or contemptuous behavior in its presence; or who during the time of its sitting, shall threaten harm to the body or estate of any of its members, for any thing said or done in the House, or who shall assault any of them therefor,16 or who shall assault or arrest any witness or other person ordered to attend the House, in his way going or returning; or who shall rescue any person arrested by order of the House.

Art. 67. Each House may punish its own members for disorderly behavior.

Art. 68. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and the yeas and nays of the members of either House, on any question, shall, at the desire of one fifth of those present, be entered on the journal.

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5. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “howeliweli” ‘o ia ‘o “ho‘oweliweli.” “Howeliweli” was changed to “ho‘oweliweli.”
6. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “a me poe” ‘o ia ‘o “a me ka po‘e.” “A me poe” was changed to “a me ka po‘e.”
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16. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “therefor” ‘o ia ‘o “therefore.”
“Therefor” was changed to “therefore.”

Paukü 69. ‘A‘ole loa e hopu ‘ia kekahi o ka po‘e ‘Aha‘ölelo, ‘oiai e noho ana ‘o ia ma muli o ia ‘Aha, a e hele ana i laila, a e ho‘i aku ana7 paha, koe na‘e ke kipi, ka feloni, a me ka ho‘ohaunaele; ‘a‘ole ho‘i läkou e ho‘okolokolo ‘ia i mua o kekahi ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ‘ë, a i kauwahi ‘ë paha, no kekahi ‘ölelo, a ‘ölelo paio paha ma laila.

Paukü 70. E uku ‘ia ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia e nä Maka‘äinana, no kä läkou hana, e like me ka mea i ‘ölelo ‘ia ma ke känäwai, no loko a‘e o ka waihona kälä aupuni; ‘a‘ole na‘e e ho‘onui ‘ia këia uku i ka makahiki i ho‘oholo ‘ia ka ‘ölelo e ho‘onui i ka uku; ‘a‘ole ho‘i e kaulia kekahi känäwai e ho‘omähuahua ana i ka uku o ua po‘e lä, ma mua o nä kälä ‘ekolu no ka lä.

Paukü 71. ‘A‘ole nö he uku o nä Ali‘i i loko o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo i këia wä; inä na‘e e mana‘o ‘ia he uku no läkou ma nëia hope aku, na ke känäwai e ho‘äkäka a‘e.

NO KA HALE ‘AHA‘ÖLELO ALI‘I

Paukü 72. Na ke Ali‘i nö e koho i ka po‘e o ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, a e noho läkou ma ia ‘oihana, a pau ko läkou ola, e like na‘e me ka Paukü 67, ‘a‘ole na‘e e ‘oi aku ko läkou nui ma mua o ke kanakolu.

Paukü 73. ‘A‘ole e koho ‘ia kekahi e noho ma ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, ke hiki ‘ole aku ‘o ia i nä makahiki he iwakäluakumamäkahi, a ke ‘ole ho‘i ‘o ia i noho i nä makahiki ‘elima ma këia aupuni.

Paukü 74. E noho ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i i ‘aha ho‘okolokolo, no läkou wale nö ka mana a pau e ho‘olohe a e ho‘oponopono i nä ho‘opi‘i nui a pau i ho‘opi‘i ‘ia ai e ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia, i kekahi luna nui, a mau luna nui paha, no kä läkou ‘oihana akä, ma mua aku o ka ho‘okolokolo i këlä ho‘opi‘i nui, këia ho‘opi‘i nui, e ho‘ohiki päkahi këia po‘e e ho‘okolokolo pono me ka ‘ewa‘ewa ‘ole i ka mea i ho‘opi‘i ‘ia ai, ma muli o kä nä hö‘ike a me ke känäwai. ‘A‘ole na‘e e ‘oi aku kä läkou ‘ölelo ho‘ähewa i ka ho‘opau i kona noho luna ‘ana, a me ka hö‘ole loa i kona noho hou ‘ana ma kekahi ‘oihana e hanohano ai a e waiwai ai paha, ma lalo iho o këia aupuni; akä e hiki nö i ka mea i ho‘ähewa ‘ia pëlä, ke ho‘opi‘i hou ‘ia, a e ho‘okolokolo ‘ia, a e ho‘ähewa hou ‘ia, a e ho‘opa‘i hou ‘ia ma hope ma muli o ke känäwai o ka ‘äina.

Art. 69. The members of either House shall in all cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of their respective Houses, and in going to and returning from the same; and they shall not be held to answer for any speech, or debate made in the House, in any other court or place whatsoever.

Art. 70. The members of the House of Representatives shall receive for their services a compensation to be ascertained by law and paid out of the public treasury, but no increase of compensation shall take effect during the year in which it shall have been made; and no law shall be passed, increasing the compensation of said members beyond the sum of three dollars per day.

Art. 71. The members of the House of Nobles sit without pay; but they may receive hereafter such a compensation as the law may enact.

OF THE HOUSE OF NOBLES

Art. 72. The King appoints the members of the House of Nobles, who hold their seats during life, subject to the provision of Article 67; but their number shall not exceed thirty.

Art. 73. No person shall be eligible to a seatin the House of Nobles, who shall not have attained to the age of twenty-one years and resided in the kingdom five years.

Art. 74. The House of Nobles shall be a court with full and sole authority to hear and determine all impeachments made by the House of Representatives, against any officer or officers of the kingdom, for misconduct17 and maladministration18 in their offices; but previous to the trial of every impeachment, the members shall respectively be sworn, truly and impartially to try and determine the charge in question, according to evidence and the law. Their judgment, however, shall not extend further than to removal from office and disqualification to hold or enjoy any place of honor, trust, or profit under this government; but the party so convicted shall be, nevertheless, liable to indictment, trial, judgment, and punishment, according to the laws of the land.

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7. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “ana aku” ‘o ia ‘o “aku ana.” “Ana aku” was changed to “aku ana.”
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17. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “mis-conduct” ‘o ia ‘o “misconduct.” “Mis-conduct” was changed to “misconduct.”

NO KA HALE O KA PO‘E I KOHO ‘IA

Paukü 75. ‘A‘ole e ‘oi aku ka nui o ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia ma mua o ke kanahä, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e emi mai ma lalo o ka iwakäluakumamähä, a e koho ‘ia läkou i këlä makahiki i këia makahiki.

Paukü 76. E mähele like ‘ia ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia o nä Maka‘äinana, a e ho‘oponopono mau loa ‘ia ma muli o ka nui o nä känaka i ho‘omaopopo ‘ia ma ko ke aupuni helu ‘ana. I ka makahiki ho‘okahi kaukani ‘ewalu haneli me kanalimakumamäkolu, a i ka päono o nä makahiki ma ia hope aku, e ho‘oponopono ‘ia ka nui o ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia ma muli o këia a me ka Paukü ma luna iho, e ka ‘Aha‘ölelo.

Paukü 77. ‘A‘ole nö e koho ‘ia kekahi no ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia, inä ua pupule, a hüpö paha, a ua hihia i ke kalaima nui ma ka ho‘okolokolo ‘ana, a ke ‘ole ia he kanaka ma lalo o ka Mö‘ï, a i loa‘a ‘ole paha iä ia ka palapala ho‘okupa, a ke hiki ‘ole aku ‘o ia i nä makahiki he iwakäluakumamälima, a ke ‘ike ‘ole ho‘i i ka heluhelu a me ke käkau lima, ke maopopo ‘ole ho‘i iä ia ka helu, a i ‘ole ho‘i ‘o ia i noho ma këia aupuni i ho‘okahi makahiki ma mua iho o kona koho ‘ia ‘ana.

OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

Art. 75. The House of Representatives shall be composed of not less than twenty-four nor more than forty members, who shall be elected annually.

Art. 76. The representation of the people shall be based on the principle of equality, and shall be forever regulated and apportioned according to the population, to be ascertained by the official census. In the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-three, and every sixth year thereafter, the number of Representatives shall be fixed by the Legislature agreeably with this and the preceding Article.

Art. 77. No person shall be eligible for a Representative of the people, who is insane, or an idiot, or who shall at any time have been convicted of any infamous crime, nor unless he be a male subject or denizen of the kingdom, who shall have arrived at the full age of twentyfive years, who shall know how to read and write, who shall understand accounts, and who shall have resided in the kingdom for at least one year immediately preceding his election.

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18. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “mal-administration” ‘o ia ‘o “maladministration.”
“Mal-administration” was changed to “maladministration.”

Paukü 78. ‘O këlä mea këia mea o nä känaka maoli, me nä haole ho‘ohiki, a me nä haole i loa‘a ka palapala ho‘okupa,8 inä ua ho‘oka‘a ‘ia kona ‘auhau, a inä ua hiki aku ‘o ia i nä makahiki he iwakälua, a inä ua noho ‘o ia ma këia aupuni i ho‘okahi makahiki ma mua iho o ka lä koho, e hiki nö iä ia ke koho me ka päloka ho‘okahi i kekahi kanaka, a mau känaka paha o ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia no ka ‘äpana kahi äna i noho ai no nä malama ‘ekolu ma mua iho o ka lä koho; akä, ‘a‘ole e hiki i kekahi kanaka pupule ke koho, ‘a‘ole ho‘i i kekahi kanaka i hihia i ke kalaima nui ma ka ho‘okolokolo ‘ana, ma këia aupuni, ke ‘ole i kala ‘ë ‘ia kona hewa e ka Mö‘ï, a ke ‘ole ho‘i i loa‘a iä ia nä pono a pau o ke kanaka kupa ma ia kala ‘ana.

Paukü 79. Na ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia e häpai mua i nä pila a pau a me nä ‘ölelo e ho‘oholo ‘ia no ka ho‘okupu ‘ana a me ka uku ‘ana aku i ke kälä o ke aupuni; e hiki nö na‘e i ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i ke ho‘ololi hou a‘e, a ke ‘ae i ka ho‘ololi hou ‘ana a‘e paha i ua mau pila nei, e like me nä pila ‘ë a‘e.

Paukü 80. E noho nö ka Hale o ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia i ‘aha ninaninau nui o ke aupuni, a e ho‘olohe ‘ia a ho‘okolokolo ‘ia nö ho‘i e ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i nä ho‘opi‘i luna nui a pau i hana ‘ia e läkou.

‘O KA ‘OIHANA HO‘OKOLOKOLO

Paukü 81. E pili ka mana o ka ‘oihana ho‘okolokolo i loko o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e ho‘okahi, a me nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ma lalo iho i ho‘onohonoho9 ‘ia i këlä manawa i këia manawa e ka ‘Aha‘ölelo.

Paukü 82. Ma ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e e ho‘onoho ‘ia kekahi luna känäwai ki‘eki‘e a me nä luna känäwai kökua ‘elua, a e hiki i kekahi o läkou e noho a e ho‘oponopono i kekahi häläwai o ua ‘aha nei. E pa‘a nä luna känäwai o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e i kä läkou ‘oihana, ‘oiai e pono kä läkou hana ‘ana, e pili na‘e iä läkou ka ho‘opi‘i luna nui; a e loa‘a iä läkou, i ka wä maopopo,10 ke kauwahi uku, no kä läkou hana; a ‘oiai läkou i pa‘a i këia ‘oihana ‘a‘ole e ho‘ëmi ‘ia ua uku nei; akä ho‘i, e hiki ke kipaku ‘ia kekahi luna känäwai11 o ka ‘Aha Ki‘eki‘e, a ‘o kekahi ‘aha käkau paha, no ka hemahema o kona kino, a o kona mana‘o paha, ke ho‘oholo ‘ia pëlä e nä hapakolu ‘elua o nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo; e lohe mua nö na‘e ka luna känäwai i ka ho‘opi‘i i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a e lilo iä ia ke kope o nä kumu ho‘opi‘i, he iwakälua lä ma mua o ka hana ‘ana i mua o kekahi Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo.12

Art. 78. Every male subject19 of His Majesty, whether native or naturalized, and every denizen of the kingdom, who shall have paid his taxes, who shall have attained the full age of twenty years, and who shall have resided in the kingdom for one year immediately preceding the time of election, shall be entitled to one vote for the Representative or Representatives, of the district in which he may have resided three months next preceding the day of election; provided that no insane person, nor any person who shall at any time have been convicted of any infamous crime, within this kingdom, unless he shall have been pardoned by the King, and by the terms of such pardon been restored to all the rights of a subject, shall be allowed to vote.

Art. 79. All bills or resolves for raising the revenue, or calling for any expenditure of the public money, shall originate in the House of Representatives; but the House of Nobles may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills.

Art. 80. The House of Representatives shall be the grand inquest of the kingdom; and all impeachments made by them shall be heard and tried by the House of Nobles.

OF THE JUDICIARY

Art. 81. The judicial power of the kingdom shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Legislature may from time to time establish.

Art. 82. The Supreme Court shall consist of a chief justice and two associate justices, any of whom may hold the court.20 The justices of the Supreme Court shall hold their offices during good behavior, subject to removal upon impeachment; and shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office. Provided, however, that any judge of the Supreme Court, or of any other court of record, may be removed from office for mental or physical inability by a concurrent resolution of two-thirds of both branches of the Legislature. The judge against whom the Legislature may be about to proceed, shall receive notice thereof, accompanied by a copy of the causes alleged21 for his removal, at least twenty days before the day on which either branch of the Legislature shall act thereon.

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8. Ua ‘oko‘a ke kumukänäwai ma ‘ane‘i mai nä mea ‘ë a‘e ma mua i ko ia nei ho‘oka‘awale ‘ana i nä känaka ma ‘ekolu külana: nä känaka ‘öiwi Hawai‘i, nä haole ho‘ohiki (i ko läkou küpa‘a ma hope o ke aupuni Hawai‘i), a me nä haole i loa‘a ka palapala ho‘okupa (e ili mai ai ma luna o läkou kekahi mau pono kupa o Hawai‘i).
Unlike previous Hawaiian constitutions, the constitution here recognizes three categories of people with citizenship rights: natives, naturalized persons, and denizens (foreign citizens given certain citizenship rights).
9. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “hoonohnohooia” ‘o ia ‘o “ho‘onohonoho ‘ia.”
“Hoonohnohooia” was changed to “ho‘onohonoho ‘ia.” kolamu (column) 2
19. Ua ‘oko‘a ka mana‘o o ka unuhina Pelekänia, “every male subject,” mai ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i, “‘O këlä mea këia mea o nä känaka maoli.”
Although translated as “every male subject,” the original Hawaiian – “‘O këlä mea këia mea o nä känaka maoli” – means “all Hawaiian people,” without reference to gender.
20. Aia ke ka‘awale o nä paukü ‘elua o ka Paukü 82 ma ‘ane‘i ma ka Article 82 i käkau ‘ia ma ho‘okahi paukü.
The split between the two paragraphs of Paukü 82 occurs here in Article 82 which is written as one paragraph.

Paukü 83. E mähele ‘ia ke aupuni, ma ke känäwai, i nä moku e pono ai, ‘a‘ole na‘e e emi i ‘ehä, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e ‘oi aku i ‘ewalu, a na ka ‘Aha‘ölelo ia e ho‘oponopono i këlä manawa i këia manawa, e like me ka mea küpono i ka lehulehu, a no ua mau moku nei e ho‘onoho ‘ia päkahi, a ‘oi aku paha, nä luna känäwai ka‘apuni, ‘a‘ole na‘e e ‘oi aku i ‘ekolu, a e pa‘a këia ‘oihana iä läkou ‘oiai ua pono kä läkou hana ‘ana, a e hiki nö na‘e ke ho‘opi‘i luna nui ‘ia.

Paukü 84. E pili ka mana o ka ‘oihana ho‘okolokolo i nä hana a pau ma ke känäwai a me ke kaulike, ma lalo iho o ke Kumukänäwai a o kekahi känäwai, o këia aupuni, a me nä ku‘ikahi i hana ‘ia, a e hana ‘ia ana paha ma lalo iho o ko läkou mana; a i nä hana a pau e pili ana i nä luna ali‘i ki‘eki‘e, a me nä kauä aupuni ‘ë a‘e a me nä kanikele, a i nä hana ho‘i e pili ana i ka ‘oihana ho‘okolokolo moku a me ka ho‘omalu moana.

Paukü 85. E mähele ‘ia ka mana o ka ‘oihana ho‘okolokolo i waena o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e a me nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ‘ë a‘e o ke aupuni ma lalo iho, e like me ke kuhikuhi ‘ana o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, i këlä manawa i këia manawa.

Art. 83. The kingdom shall be divided, by law, into a convenient number of circuits, not less than four, nor exceeding eight, subject to alteration by the Legislature, from time to time, as the public good may require; for each of which one or more circuit judges, not exceeding three, however, shall be appointed to hold their offices during good behavior, subject to removal upon impeachment.

Art. 84. The judicial power shall extend to all cases in law and equity, arising under the Constitution, any law of this kingdom, and treaties made, or which shall be made under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and to all cases of admiralty and maritime22 jurisdiction.

ART. 85. The judicial power shall be divided among the Supreme Court and the several inferior courts of the kingdom, in such manner as the Legislature may from time to time indicate.

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10. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “maopo” ‘o ia ‘o “maopopo.”
“Maopo” was changed to “maopopo.”
11. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “Lunakawai” ‘o ia ‘o “luna känäwai.”
“Lunakawai” was changed to “luna känäwai.”
12. Aia këia mau paukü ‘elua ma ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i i loko o ka paukü 82 ma ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia.
These two paragraphs in Hawaiian are included within the single paragraph 82 in the English.
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21. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “alledged” ‘o ia ‘o “alleged.”
“Alledged” was changed to “alleged.”
22. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “maratime” ‘o ia ‘o “maritime.”
“Maratime” was changed to “maritime.”

Paukü 86. E noho nö ka luna känäwai ki‘eki‘e i luna känäwai kaulike o ke aupuni, a e noho pelekikena ‘o ia o ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, ‘oiai e ho‘okolokolo ‘ia ana kekahi ho‘opi‘i luna nui, ke ‘ole ‘o ia ka mea i ho‘opi‘i ‘ia; a iä ia ka mana e hana ma ke kaulike a ma nä mea ‘ë a‘e, e like me ka hä‘awi ‘ana o ke känäwai iä ia; akä e nänä hou ‘ia nä mea i ho‘oholo ‘ia e ia e nä luna känäwai o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e, ke ho‘opi‘i ‘ia i laila.

Paukü 87. E pa‘a loa ma luna o nä ‘ao‘ao a pau nä ‘ölelo i ho‘oholo ‘ia ma ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e e ka nui o nä luna känäwai o ia ‘Aha, ‘a‘ole ho‘opi‘i hou aku.

Paukü 88. E hiki nö i ka Mö‘ï, i kona mau kuhina, i nä kia‘äina, a me nä Hale o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo päkahi, ke kauoha i nä luna känäwai o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e e hö‘ike i ko läkou mana‘o no nä hana nui ma ke känäwai a me nä wä pilikia a hanohano nui.

Paukü 89. Na ka Mö‘ï me ka ‘ae pü o kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e ho‘okohu i nä luna känäwai o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e, a me nä luna känäwai o nä ‘aha käkau; a e ho‘oponopono ‘ia ma ke känäwai ko läkou uku.

Paukü 90. Na nä kia‘äina e ho‘onoho i nä luna känäwai ‘äpana o ko läkou mau mokupuni, e ‘ae pü ana nä luna känäwai o ka ‘Aha Ho‘okolokolo Ki‘eki‘e.

Paukü 91. I ‘ole e kaumaha nä känaka no ka noho li‘uli‘u me ka mäkaukau ‘ole, a ‘ewa‘ewa paha, ma käna mau hana nui, o kekahi luna känäwai ‘äpana, e pau nö a e lilo i mea ‘ole nö ho‘i nä palapala ho‘okohu a pau a nä luna känäwai ‘äpana, i ka pau ‘ana o nä makahiki ‘elua mai ka lä i käkau ‘ia ai ua mau palapala lä. A i ka pau ‘ana o ka palapala ho‘okohu a kekahi, e ho‘okohu hou ‘ia nö ia, a i ‘ole ia, e ho‘okohu ‘ia kekahi mea hou, e pani i ua hakahaka lä, e like me ka mea küpono i ka noho ‘olu‘olu o ke aupuni. E hiki nö na‘e i ka ‘aha ho‘okolokolo ka‘apuni o ko läkou mau moku, no nä kumu i ho‘omaopopo13 le‘a ‘ia e nä luna känäwai o ua ‘aha lä i kä läkou ‘ölelo i ho‘oholo ‘ia, e ho‘opau i ka noho luna känäwai ‘äpana ‘ana o kekahi o ua po‘e lä; akä, ‘a‘ole e ho‘opau ‘ia kekahi o ua mau luna känäwai nei, a maopopo iä ia nä kumu o kona ho‘opi‘i ‘ia ‘ana, a ho‘olohe pono ‘ia nö ho‘i käna ‘ölelo nona iho.

Art. 86. The chief justice of the Supreme Court shall be the chancellor of the kingdom; he shall be ex-officio president of the House of Nobles in all cases of impeachment, unless when impeached himself; and exercise such jurisdiction in equity or other cases as the law may confer upon him, his decisions being subject, however, to the revision of the Supreme Court, on appeal.

Art. 87. The decisions of the Supreme Court, when made by a majority of the justices thereof, shall be final and conclusive upon all parties.

Art. 88. The King, his ministers, the governors, and each branch of the Legislature shall have authority to require the opinions of the justices of the Supreme Court, upon important questions of law, and upon solemn occasions.

Art. 89. The King, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, appoints the justices of the Supreme Court, and all other judges of courts of record; their salaries are fixed by law.

Art. 90. The governors, by and with the advice of the justices of the Supreme Court, shall appoint the district justices of their respective islands.

Art. 91. In order that the people may not suffer from long continuance in place of any district justice, who shall fail of discharging the important duties of his office with ability and fidelity, all commissions of district justices shall expire and become void in the term of two years from their respective dates; and upon the expiration of any commission the same shall be renewed, or another person appointed, as shall most conduce to the well-being of the kingdom. Provided always, that district justices shall be subject to removal at any time by the circuit court of their respective islands, for causes particularly assigned by the judges of said court in rendering their judgment. But no district justice shall be removed until he shall have notice of the charges made against him and an opportunity of being heard in his defense.

Paukü 92. ‘A‘ole nö e noho a ho‘okolokolo kekahi luna känäwai, ‘o ia ho‘okahi wale nö, i kekahi mea ho‘opi‘i i mua ona, a i kekahi mea hou paha, äna i ho‘okolokolo ai, a i ho‘oholo ai ma mua.

Paukü 93. Na ka luna känäwai ki‘eki‘e e hö‘ike i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, ma o ke Kuhina Nui lä, i këlä makahiki i këia makahiki i ka hana i loko o ka ‘oihana ho‘okolokolo, ma kona mau ‘ao‘ao a pau.

NO NÄ ‘ÖLELO HO‘OHIKI

Paukü 94. Aia a ‘äpono ‘ia këia Kumukänäwai e ka Mö‘ï, e ho‘ohiki ‘o ia penei: Ke ho‘ohiki nei au, i mua o ke Akua mana loa, e mälama loa au i ke Kumukänäwai o këia aupuni, a e ho‘oponopono nö au i ke aupuni ma muli o ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai.

Paukü 95. E ho‘ohiki ke Kuhina Nui e like nö me ka Mö‘ï; a inä e loa‘a iä ia ka mana ho‘okö nui, ‘oiai e noho keiki ana kekahi ho‘oilina o ka noho ali‘i, a laila e ho‘ohiki ‘o ia penei: Ke ho‘ohiki nei au, i mua o ke Akua Mana Loa, e mälama loa au i nä pono a pau o ka ho‘oilina nona ke aupuni, a me ke Kumukänäwai, a e ho‘omalu i ke aupuni ma muli o ke Kumukänäwai, a me nä känäwai.

Art. 92. No judge or magistrate can sit alone on an appeal or new trial, in any case on which he may have given a previous judgment.

Art. 93. It shall be the duty of the chief justice to make an annual report, through the minister of the interior, to the Legislature, of the state of the judiciary of the kingdom in all its branches.23

OF OATHS

Art. 94. The King, after approving this Constitution, shall take the following oath: I solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, to maintain the Constitution of the kingdom whole and inviolate, and to govern in conformity with that and the laws.

Art. 95. The Kuhina Nui shall take the same oath; and when exercising the executive power, during a minority, he shall take the following oath:

I solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, to preserve the rights of the heir to the crown, and the Constitution whole and inviolate, and to govern in conformity with that and the law.

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13. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “hoomaopo” ‘o ia ‘o “ho‘omaopopo.”
“Hoomaopo” was changed to “ho‘omaopopo.”
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23. Ua ‘oko‘a kekahi mähele o ka paukü 94 ma ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i mai ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia. ‘Ölelo ka Hawai‘i e hä‘awi ‘ia ka hö‘ike kü makahiki i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo ma o ke Kuhina Nui. ‘Ölelo na‘e ka Pelekänia e hä‘awi ‘ia ma o ka “minister of the interior.”
The Hawaiian and English versions disagree in part of paragraph 94. The Hawaiian states that an annual report should go to the Legislature through the Kuhina Nui, and the English states that it should go through the minister of the interior.

Paukü 96. E ho‘ohiki päkahi nä Ali‘i o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo penei: Ke ho‘ohiki nei au, i mua o ke Akua Mana Loa, e kökua au ma muli o ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina, a e hana pololei me ka ‘ewa‘ewa ‘ole i ka‘u hana i loko o këia Hale.

Paukü 97. E ho‘ohiki päkahi ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia penei: Ke ho‘ohiki nei au, i mua o ke Akua Mana Loa, e kökua au ma muli o ke Kumukänäwai a me nä känäwai o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina, a e hana pololei me ka ‘ewa‘ewa ‘ole i ka hana küpono i ka mea i koho ‘ia e nä maka‘äinana.

KA ‘ÖLELO PILI I ‘Ö I ‘ANE‘I

Paukü 98. Inä ua ho‘ähewa ‘ia kekahi ma muli o ke känäwai no ka ‘aihue, uku kïpë, ho‘ohiki wahahe‘e, ‘äpuka, hünä waiwai i hä‘awi ‘ia iä ia e mälama, a me nä hewa nui ‘ë a‘e, ‘a‘ole14 loa ia e noho ma ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, ‘a‘ole ho‘i ma kekahi ‘oihana e hanohano ai, a e waiwai ai paha, ma lalo iho o ke aupuni o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina.

Paukü 99. ‘A‘ole loa e noho kekahi luna o këia aupuni ma kekahi ‘oihana o ke aupuni ‘ë, ‘a‘ole ho‘i e lawe i wahi kälä, a i wahi uku makahiki paha, a kekahi aupuni ‘ë e uku mai.

Paukü 100. Na ka ‘Aha‘ölelo e ho‘oholo i ka pila ha‘awina no ka makahiki, ma hope na‘e o ka no‘ono‘o pono ‘ana i ka palapala a ke kuhina waiwai e hö‘ike aku ai i mua o läkou; e ho‘äkäka ana i ka loa‘a mai a me ka lilo aku o ka makahiki i hala, a me ia makahiki pü nö; a e ho‘olaha pü ‘ia ia mau palapala me ka pila ha‘awina i këlä makahiki i këia makahiki.

Art. 96. Every member of the House of Nobles shall take the following oath: I most solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, that I will loyally support the Constitution and laws of the Hawaiian Islands, and conscientiously and impartially discharge my duty as a member of this House.

Art. 97. Every member of the House of Representatives shall take the following oath: I most solemnly swear in the presence of Almighty God, that I will faithfully support the Constitution and laws of the Hawaiian Islands and conscientiously and impartially discharge my duties, as a Representative of the people.

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Art. 98. No person shall ever hold a seat in the Legislature, or any office of honor, trust, or profit under the government of the Hawaiian Islands, who shall in due course of law, have been convicted of theft, bribery, perjury, forgery, embezzlement, or other high crime or misdemeanor.

ART. 99. No officer of this government shall hold any office, or receive any pension or salary, from any other government or power whatever.

Art. 100. The Legislature votes the appropriations for the year, after due consideration of the revenue and expenditure of the year preceding, and of the estimates of the revenue and expenditure for the current year, which shall be submitted to them by the minister of finance; all which accounts shall be appended to the bill of appropriations and published annually.

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14. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “ao!e” ‘o ia ‘o “‘a‘ole.”
“Ao!e” was changed to “‘a‘ole.”

Paukü 101. Penei e ho‘oholo ‘ia ai nä pila a me nä känäwai a pau, “E ho‘oholo ‘ia e ke Ali‘i me nä Ali‘i a me ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina, i ‘äkoakoa i loko o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo Kau Känäwai.”

Paukü 102. I mea e hihia ‘ole ai, no ka hui o nä mea ‘ano ‘oko‘a i loko o ke känäwai ho‘okahi, e ho‘oka‘awale ‘ia ke kumu ho‘okahi ma ke känäwai ho‘okahi, a e ho‘äkäka ‘ia ke kumu ma ka ‘ölelo mua.

Paukü 103. E mau nö nä känäwai e kau nei, me ka mana mau, a hiki i ko läkou ho‘ololi hou ‘ia ‘ana, a ho‘opau ‘ia ana paha e ka ‘Aha‘ölelo aupuni, koe na‘e nä känäwai kü‘ë i këia Kumukänäwai. E ‘ole loa nä känäwai kü‘ë i këia Kumukänäwai, ‘o nä känäwai e kau nei a ‘o nä mea e ho‘oholo ‘ia ma hope paha.

Paukü 104. E pa‘a këia Kumukänäwai ma ka Moneke mua o Dekemapa i ka makahiki ho‘okahi kaukani ‘ewalu hanele me kanalimakumamälua; akä, i ‘ole e hemahema nä hana ho‘oponopono, a pilikia paha ke aupuni, no ka ho‘ololi ‘ana, no laila, ‘o nä luna o këia aupuni, i ka wä e pa‘a pono ai këia Kumukänäwai, e mälama pono läkou, a e hana ho‘i me nä mana a pau i hä‘awi ‘ia iä läkou, a koho ‘ia kekahi po‘e ‘ë aku paha e pani i ko läkou hakahaka; a e hana mau aku nö nä ‘aha ho‘okolokolo i ka hana e pili päkahi ana i kä läkou ‘oihana, a e pa‘a aku nö nä luna ho‘okö, a me nä luna ‘aha‘ölelo, a me nä ‘aha a me nä mea mana a pau i kä läkou mau ha‘awina a me nä pono a me nä mana a pau, a hiki i ke koho hou ‘ana ma lalo iho o këia Kumukänäwai.

Art. 101. The enacting style in making and passing all acts and laws, shall be: “Be it enacted by the King, the Nobles and the Representatives of the Hawaiian Islands in Legislative Council assembled.”

Art. 102. To avoid improper influences which may result from intermixing in one and the same act such things as have no proper relation to each other, every law shall embrace but one object, and that shall be expressed in the title.

Art. 103. All laws now in force in this kingdom, shall continue and remain in full effect, until altered or repealed by the Legislature; such parts only excepted as are repugnant to this Constitution. All laws now enacted, or that may hereafter be enacted, contrary to this Constitution, shall be null and void.

Art. 104. This Constitution shall be in force from the first Monday of December in the year one thousand eight hundred and fifty-two; but that there may be no failure of justice, or danger to the kingdom, from any change, all officers of this kingdom, at the time this Constitution shall take effect, shall have, hold, and exercise all the powers to them granted, until other persons shall be appointed in their stead; and all courts of law shall proceed in the execution of the business of their respective departments; and all executive and legislative officers, bodies and powers, shall continue in full force, in the enjoyment and exercise of their trusts, employments and authority, until new appointments or elections shall take place under this Constitution.

NO KA HO‘OLOLI HOU ‘ANA I
KËIA KUMUKÄNÄWAI

Paukü 105. E hiki nö ke ho‘äkäka aku i kekahi mea ho‘ololi hou a i mau mea ho‘ololi hou paha, i këia Kumukänäwai i loko o kekahi o nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo aupuni; a inä e ‘ae ‘ia ua mea, a mau mea hou nei paha, e ka hapa nui i loko o nä Hale ‘elua, a laila e käkau ‘ia ua mea lä i loko o ko läkou mau puke mo‘olelo, me nä inoa o ka po‘e ‘ae a me ka po‘e hö‘ole, a e ho‘opane‘e ‘ia ia mea, no ka ‘äkoakoa hou ‘ana a‘e o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo; a e ho‘okaulana ‘ia ua mea hou nei i ‘ekolu malama ma mua a‘e o ka lä e koho ai ka Po‘e i Koho ‘ia e nä Maka‘äinana; a inä ma ia ‘Aha‘ölelo hou ‘ana e ‘ae ‘ia ua mea ho‘ololi hou, a mau mea ho‘ololi hou nei paha, e nä hapakolu ‘elua o nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a e hö‘oia ‘ia e ka Mö‘ï, a laila e lilo këlä mea ho‘ololi hou, a mau mea ho‘ololi hou paha, i loko o ke Kumukänäwai o këia aupuni.

KAMEHAMEHA

Keoni Ana15

MODE OF AMENDING THE
CONSTITUTION

Art. 105. Any amendment or amendments to this Constitution may be proposed in either branch of the Legislature, and if the same shall be agreed to by a majority of the members of each House, such proposed amendment or amendments shall be entered on their journals, with the yeas and nays taken thereon, and referred to the next Legislature; which proposed amendment or amendments shall be published for three months previous to the election of the next House of Representatives; and if, in the next Legislature, such proposed amendment or amendments, shall be agreed to by two-thirds of all the members of each House, and be approved by the King, such amendment or amendments shall become part of the Constitution of this kingdom.

KAMEHAMEHA

John Young

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15. Ma muli o ka Paukü 45, ua pülima ‘ia këia kumukänäwai e ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha III läua ‘o ke Kuhina Nui (‘o Keoni Ana ia i ia manawa).
According to Article 45, this constitution was signed by both King Kamehameha III and the Kuhina Nui (who was at that time John Young).

 

Nä Mea Ho‘ololi Hou o ka MH 1856 i ke Kumukänäwai o ka MH 1852

Ua häpai ‘ia këia mau mea ho‘ololi hou i ke Kumukänäwai o ka MH 1852 i ka MH 1855, a ua ho‘oholo ‘ia i ka MH 1856. I nä makahiki ma mua, ua kü makahiki ka noho ‘ana o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo. Ua koi nö na‘e kekahi o nä mea ho‘ololi i ka noho ‘ana i këlä me këia makahiki ‘elua. ‘O nä kuhikuhi mea ho‘ololi, ‘a‘ole nö i kü like me nä mea ho‘ololi i ‘ike ‘ia i nä manawa a pau. Ua pa‘i ‘ia nö na‘e nä mea a pau ma ‘ane‘i e like me ke kope kumu, me ka ho‘opololei ‘ole a kuhia ‘ole ‘ia. Ho‘opuka ‘ia: Känäwai o ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha IV, Honolulu, 1856; a ma ka ‘ölelo Pelekänia: Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha IV, Honolulu, 1856. Forbes 2164 (III: 169-170), 2163 (III: 169).

1856 Amendment to the Constitution of 1852


These amendments to the Constitution of 1852 were proposed during the legislative session of 1855 and passed in 1856. In previous years, the Legislature convened annually, but one of the new amendments caused the Legislature to then meet biennially. The instructions and the resulting amendments do not always agree but are reproduced here according to the original, generally without correction or notation. Published as Känäwai o ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha IV, Honolulu, 1856, and Laws of His Majesty Kamehameha IV, Honolulu, 1856. Forbes 2164 (III: 169-170), 2163 (III: 169).

1. NÄ PAUKÜ HO‘OLOLI I KE KUMUKÄNÄWAI O KËIA PAE ‘ÄINA, I HO‘OMAKA ‘IA A I HO‘OHOLO ‘IA E LIKE ME KA PAUKÜ 105, O KE KUMUKÄNÄWAI E NOHO NEI

Paukü 1. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 27, ma ka ‘ölelo Hawai‘i wale nö, me ke käpae ‘ana i ka hua‘ölelo “‘alihikaua,”1 a me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana ma laila i nä hua‘ölelo “ka luna nui,” i heluhelu ‘ia ua paukü lä penei:

2. “‘O ke Ali‘i ka luna nui ma luna o nä koa a me nä manuä, a me nä mea kaua ‘ë a‘e ma ka moana a ma ka ‘äina; a näna ka mana ma ona iho a ma o kekahi luna koa, a mau luna paha2 äna e koho ai, e a‘o a e ho‘oponopono i ua mau mea kaua nei, ma muli o kona mana‘o e pono, a e malu ai ke aupuni. Akä, ‘a‘ole e pono iä ia ka häpai i ke kaua, me ka ‘ae ‘ole o kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü.”

3. PAUKÜ 2. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia, a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 29, me ke käpae ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “o ka häläwai o këlä makahiki a‘e,” a me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana ma laila, i nä hua‘ölelo, “o nä makahiki ‘elua,” a penei e heluhelu ‘ia ai ua paukü lä:

4. “Na ke Ali‘i e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü e ho‘äkoakoa i nä Hale ‘elua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo ma kahi e noho ai nä Ali‘i, a ma kahi ‘ë paha ke pilikia ia wahi no kekahi ‘enemi, a no kekahi ma‘i ‘ino paha; a inä i kü‘ë nä Hale ‘elua kekahi i kekahi, a i ke Ali‘i paha, näna nö e ho‘opane‘e, a ho‘opau a ho‘oku‘u aku paha i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, ‘a‘ole na‘e ma waho o nä makahiki ‘elua, inä ho‘i he pilikia e hiki nö iä ia ke ho‘äkoakoa i ka ‘Aha‘ölelo a i kekahi o nä Hale ‘elua paha no ia wä pilikia.”

1. ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION OF THE KINGDOM PROPOSED AND AGREED TO, PURSUANT TO THE 105th ARTICLE OF THE ORIGINAL CONSTITUTION

Article 1. Article 27 is hereby amended in the native version only, by striking out the words “‘alihikaua,” and by inserting the words “ka luna nui,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

2. “‘O ke Ali‘i ka luna nui ma luna o nä koa a me nä manuä, a me nä mea kaua ‘ë a‘e ma ka moana a ma ka ‘äina; a näna ka mana ma ona iho a ma o kekahi luna koa, a mau luna paha äna e koho ai, e a‘o a e ho‘oponopono i ua mau mea kaua nei, ma muli o kona mana‘o e pono, a e malu ai ke aupuni. Akä, ‘a‘ole e pono iä ia ka häpai i ke kaua, me ka ‘ae ‘ole o kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü.”

3. Article 2. Article 29th is hereby amended by striking out the words “session of next year,” and inserting in the same article, “term of two years,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

4. “The King, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, convenes both Houses of the Legislature at the seat of government, or any different place, if that should become dangerous from an enemy or any dangerous disorder; and in case of disagreement between the two Houses, or between His Majesty and them, he adjourns, prorogues or dissolves them, but not beyond the term of two years; under any great emergency, he may convene both or either of them to extraordinary sessions.”

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1. ‘Oiai ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “‘alihikaua” ‘o ia ‘o “luna nui,” ‘a‘ole i ho‘ololi ‘ia ka unuhina “commander in chief” ma ka Paukü 27, ‘ao‘ao 23, no ka mana‘o ‘ölelo Pelekänia nö paha ‘a‘ole ia he loli nui. He hö‘ike nö na‘e ia loli o ka inoa Hawai‘i i ka loli pü o ka no‘ono‘o Hawai‘i ‘ana, ‘o ia ho‘i, e aho ka inoa mana‘o laulä pili ‘ole i ke kaua ma ‘ane‘i ma mua o ka inoa külana kaua kahiko.
The change from “‘alihikaua” to “luna nui” was not considered substantive in English, as reflected in the unchanged translation, “commander in chief,” in Article 27 on page 23. The change in Hawaiian, however, interestingly indicates a cultural shift from the use of a traditional title specifically associated with war to a more modern and general title not associated with war.
2. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “pahu” ‘o ia ‘o “paha.”
“Pahu” was changed to “paha.”

5. Paukü 3. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 32, me ke käpae ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “e koho,” a me nä hua‘ölelo “iä läkou,” a penei ka heluhelu ‘ana o ua paukü lä:

6. “Näna nö e kükäkükä pü ana me kona ‘Aha Kuhina, a me kona ‘Aha Kükäkükä Malü, e ho‘opau i kekahi o nä po‘o, a i kekahi mau po‘o paha o nä ‘oihana ho‘okö e like me kona mana‘o; pono nö ho‘i iä ia ke kauoha aku i nä luna a pau ma nä ‘oihana ho‘okö, e hö‘ike i mua ona ma ka palapala i nä mea i pili i kä läkou ‘oihana.”

7. Paukü 4. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 43 me ke käpae ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “‘o kona inoa ‘oihana ‘o ka Mea Ki‘eki‘e,” a me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana ma laila i nä hua‘ölelo “‘o kona inoa, ‘o ia ka inoa hanauna, a ‘o kekahi inoa ‘ë a‘e paha a ka Mö‘ï e hä‘awi iä ia,”3 a penei e heluhelu ‘ia ai ua paukü lä:

8. “Na ka Mö‘ï nö e koho kekahi ali‘i hanohano a me ka mäkaukau, e noho i Kuhina Nui, a e kapa ‘ia ‘o ia ‘o ke Kuhina Nui4 o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina, a ‘o kona inoa, ‘o ia ka inoa hanauna a ‘o kekahi inoa ‘ë a‘e paha a ka Mö‘ï e hä‘awi ai iä ia.”

9. PAUKÜ 5. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 54, me ke käpae ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “i këlä makahiki këia makahiki,” a me nä hua‘ölelo “o Ianuali ma mua iho,” a me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana ma laila i nä hua‘ölelo “o ka makahiki helu kälä,” a penei e heluhelu ‘ia ai ua palapala lä:

5. Article 3. Article 32nd is hereby amended by striking out the words “appoint and,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

6. “He has the power by and with the advice of his Cabinet, and the approval of his Privy Council, to remove at his pleasure, any of the several heads of the executive departments, and he may require information in writing from any of the officers in the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices.”

7. Article 4. Article 43rd1 is hereby amended by striking out the words “whose titles shall be Highness,” and inserting the words “shall be addressed by the birth title, or such title as may have been conferred by His Majesty,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

8. “The King appoints some chief of rank and ability to be his Kuhina Nui, who shall be styled the Kuhina Nui of the Hawaiian Islands, and shall be addressed by the birth title, or such title as may have been conferred by His Majesty.”

9. Article 5. Article 54th is hereby amended by striking out the words “an annual,” and also the words “of January next preceding,” and inserting the words “day of the fiscal year,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

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3. Ua ho‘okomo ‘ia ke kaha puana‘ï ma ‘ane‘i.
The quotation mark was added here.
4. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “Kuhina” ‘o ia ‘o “Kuhina Nui.”
“Kuhina” was changed to “Kuhina Nui.”
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1. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia ‘o “43d” ‘o ia ‘o “43rd.”
“43d” was changed to “43rd.”

10. “E hö‘ike këlä mea këia mea o läkou i mua o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo, a hiki i ka lä mua o ka makahiki helu kälä, i ka hana a käna ‘oihana i loko o ka makahiki i hala aku, i loko o ka hepekoma ho‘okahi ma hope iho o ka ‘äkoakoa ‘ana o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo.”

11. Paukü 6. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 61, me ke käpae ‘ana i ka hua‘ölelo “i këlä makahiki, këia makahiki,” a me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana ma laila i nä hua‘ölelo “i këlä makahiki ‘elua, këia makahiki ‘elua,” a me ke käpae ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “i këlä hepekoma mua o ‘Apelila,” a me nä hua‘ölelo “‘ë a‘e,” a penei e heluhelu ‘ia ai ua paukü lä:

12. “E ‘äkoakoa ka ‘aha‘ölelo i këlä makahiki ‘elua, këia makahiki ‘elua, e kükäkükä no nä mea e pono ai ke aupuni, i ka manawa, a ma kahi ho‘i a ka Mö‘ï i mana‘o he pono. E kapa ‘ia këia po‘e, ‘o ka ‘Aha‘ölelo o ko Hawai‘i Pae ‘Äina.”

13. Paukü 7. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 100, penei ka heluhelu ‘ana:

14. “Na ka ‘Aha‘ölelo e ho‘oholo i ka pila ha‘awina no nä makahiki ‘elua, ma hope na‘e o ka no‘ono‘o pono ‘ana i ka palapala a ke kuhina waiwai e hö‘ike aku ai i mua o läkou, e ho‘äkäka ana i ka loa‘a mai a me ka lilo aku no nä makahiki ‘elua i hala, a me nä makahiki ‘elua e hiki mai ana.”

15. Paukü 8. Ua ho‘ololi ‘ia a ke ho‘ololi ‘ia nei ka Paukü 72, me ka ho‘okomo ‘ana i nä hua‘ölelo “ke ha‘alele ‘ole iho na‘e läkou,” ma hope iho o nä hua‘ölelo, “a pau ko läkou ola” a penei e heluhelu ‘ia ai ua paukü lä:

16. “Na ke Ali‘i nö e koho i ka po‘e o ka Hale ‘Aha‘ölelo Ali‘i, a e noho läkou ma ia ‘oihana a pau ko läkou ola, ke ha‘alele ‘ole iho na‘e läkou, e like me ka Paukü 67, ‘a‘ole na‘e e ‘oi aku ko läkou nui ma mua o ke kanakolu.”

10. “Each of them shall make a report to the Legislature, made up to the first day of the fiscal year, of the transactions and business of his department, within one week after the opening of the Legislature.”

11. Article 7.2 Article 61st is hereby amended by striking out the word “annually,” and inserting the word “biennially,” and by striking out the words “in the first week in April, and,” and also the word “other,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

12. “The legislative body shall assemble biennially, for the purpose of seeking the welfare of the nation, at such time, and in the place that the King may judge necessary. This body shall be styled the Legislature of the Hawaiian Islands.”

13. Article 6.3 Article 100 is hereby amended so as to read as follows:

14. “The Legislature votes the appropriations biennially after due consideration of the revenue and expenditure for the two preceding years, and of the estimates of the revenue and expenditure of the two succeeding years, which shall be submitted to them by the minister of finance.”

15. Article 8. Article 72 is hereby amended by inserting after the words “during life,” the following, “unless in case of resignation,” so that the article as amended will read as follows:

16. “The King appoints the members of the House of Nobles, who hold their seats during life, unless in case of resignation, subject to the provisions of Article 67, but their number shall not exceed thirty.”

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2. ‘O ka pololei, ‘o ka Article 6 këia.
This should be Article 6.
3. ‘O ka pololei, ‘o ka Article 7 këia.
This should be Article 7.

17. ‘Äpono ‘ia i këia lä 15 o Kepakemapa, MH 1856.

KAMEHAMEHA

Ka‘ahumanu5

17. Approved this 15th day of September, A.D. 1856.

KAMEHAMEHA

Ka‘ahumanu

 

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5. Ua pülima ‘ia nä mea ho‘ololi hou e ka Mö‘ï Kamehameha IV läua ‘o ke Kuhina Nui, ‘o Ka‘ahumanu III (Victoria Kamämalu).
The amendments were signed by King Kamehameha IV and the Kuhina Nui, Ka‘ahumanu III (Victoria Kamämalu).